How do whole grains differ from refined grains?

Whole grains differ from refined grains primarily because whole grains contain all parts of the grain kernel, including the bran, germ, and endosperm. This means that they retain the natural nutrients and fiber found in the grain, making them a healthier option compared to refined grains, which have been processed to remove the bran and germ. This processing reduces the grain's fiber content and removes many vitamins and minerals, leading to a loss of nutritional value.

The presence of the bran and germ in whole grains is significant because these components are rich in essential fatty acids, vitamins (such as B vitamins), minerals (such as iron and magnesium), and dietary fiber, all of which contribute to better digestion and overall health. In contrast, refined grains often have lower fiber content and fewer nutrients, making whole grains a more beneficial choice for maintaining health and preventing chronic diseases.